פפילומה וירוס וזיהום זרע

גם אם בת הזוג נדבקת עדיין קיים ספק לגבי ההשפעה בעת כניסה להיריון ,הנושא שנוי במחלוקת רב המאמרים המצביעים על אפשרות של וירוס יכולה להיות השפעה שלילית בנויים על מספרים נמוכים,בכל מקרה מאמר מבוקר היטב שהופיע בעיתון מדעי vaccines שבדק נוכחות DNA של הוירוס בתוצרי ההפלות של נשים עם פפילומה מצא שיעור נמוך של נוכחות הוירוס כמחולל אפשרי להפלה להחן המאמר: Article Investigation on Spontaneous Abortion and Human Papillomavirus Infection † Mauro Tognon, Andrea Tagliapietra, Federica Magagnoli, Chiara Mazziotta, Lucia Oton-Gonzalez , Carmen Lanzillotti, Fortunato Vesce, Carlo Contini , John Charles Rotondo * and Fernanda Martini * Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Fossato di Mortara street, 64, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; [email protected] (M.T.); [email protected] (A.T.); [email protected] (F.M.); [email protected] (C.M.); [email protected] (L.O.-G.); [email protected] (C.L.); [email protected] (F.V.); [email protected] (C.C.) * Correspondence: [email protected] (J.C.R.); [email protected] (F.M.) † HPV in spontaneous abortion specimens. Received: 9 July 2020; Accepted: 12 August 2020; Published: 25 August 2020 􏰀􏰁􏰂􏰀􏰃 􏰅􏰆􏰇 􏰈􏰉􏰊􏰋􏰌􏰂􏰍 Abstract: Viral infections are considered to be risk factors for spontaneous abortion (SA). Conflicting results have been reported on the association between Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and SA. HPV DNA was investigated in matched chorionic villi tissues and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from women who experienced SA (n = 80, cases) and women who underwent a voluntary interruption of pregnancy (VI; n = 80, controls) by qualitative PCR and quantitative droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). Viral genotyping was performed using real-time PCR in HPV-positive samples. Specific IgG antibodies against HPV16 were investigated in sera from SA (n = 80) and VI (n = 80) females using indirect ELISA assays. None of the DNA samples from SA subjects was HPV-positive (0/80), whilst HPV DNA was detected in 2.5% of VI women (p > 0.05), with a mean viral DNA load of 7.12 copy/cell. VI samples (n = 2) were found to be positive for the HPV45 genotype. The ddPCR assay revealed a higher number of HPV-positive samples. HPV DNA was detected in 3.7% and 5% of SA and VI chorionic tissues, respectively, with mean viral DNA loads of 0.13 copy/cell in SA and 1.79 copy/cell in VI (p >0.05) samples. All DNA samples from the PBMCs of SA and VI females tested HPV-negative by both PCR and ddPCR. The overall prevalence of serum anti-HPV16 IgG antibodies was 37.5% in SA and 30% in VI (p > 0.05) women. For the first time, HPV DNA was detected and quantitatively analyzed using ddPCR in chorionic villi tissues and PBMCs from SA and VI women. Circulating IgG antibodies against HPV16 were detected in sera from SA and VI females. Our results suggest that HPV infection in chorionic villi may be a rare event. Accordingly, it is likely that HPV has no significant role in SA. Keywords: human papillomavirus; HPV; infection; spontaneous abortion; quadrivalent HPV vaccine; 9vHPV vaccine; 9-valent HPV vaccine; chorionic villi; PBMC; droplet digital PCR; voluntary interruption of pregnancy; antibody; EL