מדוע מומלץ לחסן גם נערים נגד HPV?

http://www.reuters.com/assets/print?aid=USTRE81Q0NZ20120227 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21288094 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22155768

אשלי http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6UHy-EkK2xo&feature=related בריטני http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0gCVCP8BFrU גבי ושאנון http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RamAjYlR70s&feature=related כריסטינה http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-zkVrPIPSJw&feature=related זדה http://vaccinesinc.blogspot.com/2011/09/13.html עוד עשרות אלפי נערות ברחבי העולם (וכמובן בישראל) נפגעו מהחיסון הזה. חייהן של רבות מהן נהרסו בגלל חיסון שיעילותו מפוקפקת ושלא יקח זמן רב עד שיורד מהמדפים. ראו הוזהרתן!

והאנטי חיסונים הפאנאטי ההזוי הזה ממחזר שוב בפעם ה 70 5 סיפורי יו טיוב שמעולם לא הוכח הקשר בינם ובין החיסון. כ 700,000 נשים מאובחנות כל שנה בעולם עם גידולים סרטניים הנגרמים ע"י נגיפי הפפילומה (20% מהן בארצות מפותחות). עוד מיליונים מאובחנות כל שנה עם גידולים טרום-סרטניים וקונדילומות. מדי שנה מאובחנות בישראל כ 300 נשים עם גידולים סרטניים באיברי המין, בראש-צוואר ובפי הטבעת הנגרמים ע"י נגיפי הפפילומה ומעל 10,000 נשים עם גידולים טרום- סרטניים וקונדילומות. מעל 100 נשים ישראליות מתות כל שנה מגידולים אלו. מעל 60 מיליון נערות ונשים כבר חוסנו בעולם, מתוכן כמה עשרות אלפים בישראל. עשרות מחקרים שכללו מאות אלפי מתחסנות קבעו כי תופעות הלוואי החמורות לחיסון ל HPV הינן נדירות וכי חיסון בגיל צעיר יכול להפחית תחלואה בעשרות אחוזים. עד כה לא דווח בישראל על אף נערה או אשה שנפגעה קשה מהחיסון. האנטי חיסונים הבור וההיסטרי הזה טוען באובססיביות חולנית שהחיסונים הם חרא, מדע החיסונים הוא חרא, שהרופאים הממליצים על חיסונים הם מושחתים וממליץ על הומיאופתיה במקום. לפרוט ראו תגובתי מה 28.2.12 שעה 00:43.

ראו בוזהרתם - מדובר בחיסון מיותר לחלטין לנערים, חיסון לא יעיל וחיסון מסוכן מאוד.

א. כי גברים נגועים בנגיף מדביקים את בנות זוגם אם אינן מחוסנות. כנ"ל לגבי גברים המדביקים גברים. ב. כי גם גברים מפתחים גידולים סרטניים בראש-צוואר, בפי הטבעת ובפין הנגרמים ע"י נגיפי הפפילומה המסרטנים ( בארה"ב מאובחנים כ 10,000 חולים כאלה בשנה ואלפים מתים). בנוסף, גם הגברים סובלים מיבלות (קונדילומות) הנגרמות ע"י נגיפי הפפילומה. ג. מחקרים בנערים/גברים הטרוסקסואלים והומוסקסואלים הוכיחו יעילות גבוהה בהפחתת נגעים טרום-סרטניים וקונדילומות ובטיחות טובה של החיסון. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22155768 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22291111 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22276830 http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6050a3.htm http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22155768 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22029979 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21712645 (רשימה חלקית) --------------------------- מיהו האנטי חיסונים ההיסטרי-אובססיבי שהגיב מעלי ופוסל את החיסון? שרשור בפורום צוואר הרחם 22-26.11.11 http://www.doctors.co.il/forum-2091/pg-46#message-31178 שרשור בפורום מחלות זיהומיות 29.1.12- 1.2.12 http://www.doctors.co.il/forum-312/pg-550#message-432033

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22371460 From the American Academy of Pediatrics Policy Statement HPV Vaccine Recommendations COMMITTEE ON INFECTIOUS DISEASES Abstract On October 25, 2011, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended that the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine (Gardasil; Merck & Co, Inc, Whitehouse Station, NJ) be used routinely in males. The American Academy of Pediatrics has reviewed updated data provided by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices on vaccine efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness as well as programmatic considerations and supports this recommendation. This revised statement updates recommendations for human papillomavirus immunization of both males and females. •Abbreviations: AAP — American Academy of Pediatrics HPV — human papillomavirus HPV2 — bivalent human papillomavirus vaccine HPV4 — quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine Introduction The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends immunization against human papillomavirus (HPV) for all 11- through 12-year-old children as part of the adolescent immunization platform. Quadrivalent HPV vaccine (HPV4; Gardasil; Merck & Co, Inc, Whitehouse Station, NJ) is the only vaccine approved for males, and either HPV4 or bivalent HPV vaccine (HPV2; Cervarix; GlaxoSmithKline, Middlesex, UK) may be used in females. This brief policy statement supersedes the previous AAP “permissive recommendation” for use of HPV4 in males1 and the retired 2007 policy statement.2 A complete rationale is available in the statement from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.3 Brief Background and Rationale HPVs are the most common sexually transmitted viruses in the United States. The highest prevalence of HPV infection is found in sexually active adolescents and young adults. Most HPV infections are asymptomatic and resolve without complications within 2 years. However, persistent infection with high-risk HPV types is responsible for most cervical and anal cancers in females. In males, high-risk HPV types are responsible for a large proportion of cancers of the mouth and pharynx, which are increasing in recent years, and of anal and penile cancers. Each year in the United States, approximately 15 000 cases of cancer in females and 7000 cases of cancer in males are caused by HPV types 16 and 18. Of the cancers in males, the great majority are cancers of the oropharynx (approximately 5400), followed by anal cancer (approximately 1400) and penile cancer (approximately 300). The rationale for routine HPV immunization at 11 through 12 years of age is twofold. First, optimal vaccine efficacy is derived if the vaccine is administered before onset of sexual activity. The vaccine is inactive against HPV types previously acquired by the vaccine recipient. Second, antibody responses are highest at ages 9 through 15 years. Immunization of males provides direct benefit to males, including prevention of genital warts and anal cancer. Prevention of oropharyngeal cancer has not been studied but is biologically plausible. In addition, immunization of males is expected to provide indirect benefit for females through herd immunity. Four years after the initial recommendation for immunization of females, uptake of the HPV vaccine lags behind other vaccines offered in adolescence; results of the 2010 National Immunization Survey indicated 32% of females 13 through 17 years have completed the 3-dose series. The cost-effectiveness of male immunization is sensitive to a range of assumptions, such as vaccine efficacy, vaccine coverage of females, and the effect of HPV-associated diseases on quality of life. Recognizing low vaccine uptake among females and the preponderance of heterosexual transmission in the epidemiology of HPV, immunization of males becomes a cost-effective intervention for preventing disease caused by vaccine types of HPV in both genders. Other interventions to reduce HPV infection and HPV-associated genital warts and malignancies include counseling of adolescents regarding sexuality, including abstinence and proper use of condoms, and circumcision of males. HPV is transmitted skin to skin, so protection by condoms is imperfect.4,6 As a sidebar, there is precedent for vaccines recommended by the AAP and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices for prevention of sexually transmitted infections and cancer and for immunization of all children to minimize infectious complications disproportionately affecting females during their reproductive years. Rubella vaccine (a component of the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine) is intended primarily to prevent fetal miscarriages and malformations after rubella infection during pregnancy, and hepatitis B virus vaccine prevents cirrhosis of the liver and hepatocellular carcinoma caused by hepatitis B virus acquired at time of birth or through later sexual exposure. HPV Vaccines ---------------------- HPV4 contains no viral DNA and is not infectious. It consists of bioengineered viruslike particles produced from the major capsid protein of HPV types 16 and 18, which are responsible for 70% of cases of cervical, 87% of anal, 60% of oropharyngeal, and 31% of penile cancers. In addition, the vaccine includes capsid proteins of types 6 and 11, which are responsible for 90% of genital warts and almost all cases of juvenile recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Clinical trials have revealed the vaccine to be highly immunogenic, safe, and well tolerated in males and females 9 through 26 years of age. Antibody responses are at least twice as high in individuals of both genders 9 through 15 years of age as in those 16 through 26 years of age. HPV4 was licensed for use in females in 2006; antibodies have been shown to persist for at least 9 years. HPV4 was licensed for use in males in 2009; the duration of vaccine-induced antibodies is still under investigation but is known to be at least 5 years. In sexually active female subjects 16 through 26 years of age, protection has been demonstrated against persistent infection; precancerous lesions of the cervix, vulva, and vagina; and genital warts caused by HPV types contained in the vaccine. The vaccine was recommended for females in 2007. In sexually active male subjects 16 through 26 years of age, vaccine efficacy was demonstrated against genital warts caused by vaccine types. HPV4 was permitted in males in 2010. Also in 2010, the US Food and Drug Administration added a new indication of prevention of anal cancer in males and females on the basis of data from an efficacy study in males. In new data from a substudy of high-risk sexually active young men (men who have sex with men), protection has been demonstrated against precancerous lesions of the anus. These data contribute to the current recommendation. The study did not have adequate power (too few penile or perineal precancerous lesions) to support benefit in preventing these precancerous conditions. No studies of HPV4 vaccine protection against oropharyngeal cancers or recurrent respiratory papillomatosis have been conducted. HPV2, directed at HPV types 16 and 18, was licensed for use in females in 2009. This vaccine is highly immunogenic, safe, and well tolerated in females 9 through 26 years of age. Antibody responses are highest in girls 9 through 15 years of age. HPV2 is not licensed for use in males. The safety of HPV4 was evaluated in 2 large phase III clinical trials in females, 1 phase III clinical trial in males, and several immunogenicity studies in adolescents. There is continued surveillance of potential adverse effects of HPV vaccine through the Vaccine Adverse Effect Reporting System as well as real-time surveillance of large health maintenance organization practices via the Vaccine Safety Datalink. Several other countries or communities conduct similar surveillance for adverse effects of HPV vaccines. The Food and Drug Administration requires postmarketing surveillance by vaccine manufacturers. After more than 40 million doses have been administered in the first 5 years of routine administration in American girls, no discernible, vaccine-specific adverse effect, with the exception of rare anaphylaxis to vaccine components, has been detected.